Step 2 of 6: Grammar

Day 38 • Modal Verbs Part 3

SHALL & SHOULD (Offers, Suggestions & Advice) 💡

Master making Offers (Shall I...?), Suggestions (Shall we...?), giving Advice (You should...), and expressing Past Regret (Should have + V3)!

Day 38 Goals Tracker

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SHALL (Offers, Suggestions & Decisions)

करें? / करूँ? (Mainly used with I & We)

1. Offers (मदद की पेशकश - Shall I...?):

Shall I help you? / Shall I open the door?

👉 क्या मैं आपकी मदद करूँ? / क्या मैं door खोल दूँ?

2. Suggestions (साथ में कुछ करना - Shall we...?):

Shall we go? / Shall we start the meeting?

👉 क्या हम चलें? / क्या हम meeting शुरू करें?

3. Asking for Decisions (फैसला पूछना):

What shall I do? / Where shall we go?

👉 मैं क्या करूँ? / हम कहाँ जाएँ?

4. Legal & Formal Rules (कानूनी निर्देश):

The employee shall follow the company rules.

👉 Employee को company rules follow करने होंगे। (Obligation)

SHOULD (Advice, Duty & Expectations)

चाहिए / करना चाहिए (Universal Advice Modal)

1. Giving Advice (सलाह देना):

You should study daily. / You shouldn't worry.

👉 तुम्हें रोज पढ़ाई करनी चाहिए। / तुम्हें चिंता नहीं करनी चाहिए।

2. Asking for Advice (सलाह माँगना):

Should I learn Python? / Should we take a taxi?

👉 क्या मुझे Python सीखनी चाहिए? / क्या हमें taxi लेनी चाहिए?

3. Recommendations & Duty (सुझाव / कर्तव्य):

You should watch this movie. / We should respect parents.

👉 तुम्हें यह movie देखनी चाहिए। / हमें बड़ों का आदर करना चाहिए।

4. Expectations / Probability (उम्मीद होना):

The train should arrive soon. / He should be here by now.

👉 Train के जल्द आने की उम्मीद है। (Probably arrive soon)

Advanced & Super Useful: "Should Have + V3" (Past Regret / Criticism) 🔥

We use should have + V3 when talking about something that was advisable in the past, but didn't happen (पछतावा या शिकायत):

Positive Regret: should have + V3

"You should have studied."

👉 तुम्हें पढ़ाई करनी चाहिए थी। (पर तुमने नहीं की)

"I should have called him earlier."

👉 मुझे उसे पहले call करना चाहिए था।

Negative Criticism: shouldn't have + V3

"You shouldn't have said that."

👉 तुम्हें ऐसा नहीं कहना चाहिए था। (पर तुमने कह दिया)

"I shouldn't have gone there."

👉 मुझे वहाँ नहीं जाना चाहिए था।

Common Mistakes to Avoid 🚨

You should studies. ❌

You should study. ✅

💡 Should is always followed by V1!

He should goes home. ❌

He should go home. ✅

💡 No 'es' for He/She/It!

She should to call him. ❌

She should call him. ✅

💡 Never put 'to' after should!

Shall we to start? ❌

Shall we start? ✅

💡 Never put 'to' after shall!

I should have went there. ❌

I should have gone there. ✅

💡 should have takes V3 (gone), not V2!

You shouldn't wastes time. ❌

You shouldn't waste time. ✅

💡 shouldn't + V1 (base form)!

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